WG-FSA-10

Summary (road-map) of fishery-related information for WG-FSA including availability of data, catches in assessed and exploratory fisheries, notifications (fisheries, research and VMEs) and estimates of IUU fishing. Where applicable, WG-FSA’s draft 2010 fishery reports have been updated with this information.

This paper summarises the data collected by National and International Scientific Observers operating in the Convention Area on board longline, trawl and pot fishing vessels during the 2009/10 season.

The paper presents an estimate of IUU catches of toothfish during the 2009/10 fishing season, using the standard, compliance derived methodology. The paper was revised on 4 October 2010 to take into account new information submitted in respect of two vessels fishing in Divisions 58.4.1 and 58.4.4a. Changes from version 1 are highlighted in bold.

The Secretariat has proposed a work plan and budget for the development of a VME registry to manage, store, process and summarise data notified under CMs 22-06 and 22-07 (SC-CAMLR-XXVIII, paragraph 4.251(xvi)). This registry would include a secure database for holding notification details and related data, for generating web-based lists of VMEs notified under CM 22-06 and VME risk areas and Read More
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This paper summarises the information collected by observers for the 2009/10 season relating to compliance with Conservation Measures 24-02 (2008), 25-02 (2009), 25-03 (2009) and 26-01 (2009).

This paper summarises recent, fishery-related scientific research notified in accordance with Conservation Measure 24-01. Four notifications were received by the Secretariat for research in 2009/10, and five notifications have been received to date for research in 2010/11. Details of the notifications for 2010/11 are appended.

Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) is the target species of a bottom longline fishery occurring in the Southern Indian Ocean off Kerguelen and Crozet islands. This fishery is exposed to high levels of interactions with cetaceans removing fish from the fishing gear and to accidental bird mortality. In order to find a solution to these issues a 25-day pot trial cruise was Read More
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For the first time the study of diet composition of deepwater icefish Chionobathyscus dewitti was conducted through Antarctic toothfish Dissostichus mawsoni acted as an “agent”, i.e., all analyzed icefish individuals were taken from stomachs of toothfish caught in the Ross Sea in 2010 from board the longliner “No. 1 IN SUNG”.

A survey of mackerel icefish, Champsocephalus gunnari, was undertaken in Division 58.5.2 in the vicinity of Heard Island in March-April 2010 to provide the information for an assessment of short-term annual yield in the 2010/2011 CCAMLR season. This paper provides a preliminary assessment of yield for the area of Division 58.5.2 to the west of 79°20’ E using standard CCAMLR methods. Read More
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For the determination of the age of Dissostichus mawsoni used otoliths and scales. All samples were collected in the Indian Ocean sector of the Southern Ocean. Methods are described. Otoliths were measured and weighed. All major life periods in corresponding ecological conditions are reflected well in the sections of otoliths as certain groups of the annual rings.

Presented some data for Dissostichus eleginoides fishery in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean beyond EEZ in statistical divisions 41.3.1 and 41.3.2.

At the 2000 Fish Stock Assessment Working Group Meeting (WG-FSA-2000), differences were noted in the growth parameters being used for assessments of toothfish. To assess whether these differences were real or else due to methods of otolith preparation and reading, scientists from CCAMLR member nations participated in a Workshop in 2001 at Old Dominion Unversity with the primary aim of seeking Read More
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We asked whether silverfish (Pleuragramma antarcticum) are distributed in independent, discrete populations along the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP), or whether the shelf circulation leads to connectivity, by testing between rival hypotheses of population segregation and linkage. If independent, reduction in sea-ice along the WAP may lead to extinction of local populations through Read More
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Application of lead-radium dating was attempted as a feasibility study for otoliths of blackfin icefish (Chaenocephalus aceratus) and ocellated icefish (Chionodraco rastrospinosus). Because otoliths from these fishes were small and the number of otoliths available low, a whole otolith application was necessary as a first look at lead-radium levels. The application was Read More
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Ration and daily food consumption in 3 low-Antarctic (Champsocephalus gunnari, Chaenocephalus aceratus, and Pseudochaenichthys georgianus), and 3 high-Antarctic (Chionodraco rastrospinosus, Cryodraco antarcticus, and Chaenodraco wilsoni) ice fish species were estimated around islands of the southern Scotia Arc in 1996, 1999, 2001, 2002, Read More
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Samples of an eel cod (Muraenolepis sp.) and violet cod (Antimora rostrata) were obtained from the bycatch of the longline fishery for toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni and D. eleginoides) in the Ross Sea, Antarctica. Counts of zones visible in sectioned otoliths were used to estimate growth parameters for these species. The estimates must be considered Read More
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Antarctic silverfish (Pleuragramma antarcticum) were sampled during a trawl survey in the Ross Sea, Antarctica. Biological data, including fish length, weight, sex, gonad maturity, liver weight and diet analysis were collected from 311 specimens. Standard length and weight were well correlated (r2 = 0.99).

Counts of growth zones in 304 thin-sectioned otoliths were used to Read More
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Production of an age determination manual for Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) is part of the focus of the SC-CAMLR workplan for 2010. The aim of the current work was to produce a manual that presents standard protocols used by the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Limited (NIWA) for estimating age of D. mawsoni. It uses otoliths collected from Read More
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The stomach contents of 273 Dissostichus mawsoni captured by bottom longline in the Ross Sea region during the 2010 summer fishing season were analysed. The D. mawsoni sampled were caught in 640–2127 m depths and ranged between 78 and 181 cm TL. A total of 198 stomachs contained prey items, of which 13 contained only digested prey, leaving 185 stomachs for analysis. The Read More
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The exploratory fishery for Dissostichus spp. Has now been operating for 14 years in Subarea 88.1 and for 9 years in Subarea 88.2. This report summarises the timing, depth, and location of fishing together with the catch of Dissostichus spp and bycatch species by year for the period 1997–98 to 2009–10. During the 2009–10 fishing year most of the catch in Subarea 88.1 came Read More
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A species profile, covering aspects of the biology, fisheries and stock assessment of both toothfish species was first completed by Everson (2002). A new species profile, specifically for Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni, Norman), was developed by Hanchet (2006). That document concentrated on drawing together mostly unpublished data on D. mawsoni biology including Read More
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The toothfish fishery in the Ross Sea region (CCAMLR Subareas 881 and 882) has been operating since the 1996–97 fishing season. The fishery has increased to an annual Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) catch of about 3000 t. Skates form a small proportion of the total catch (typically 2% or less). In this paper we summarise the current available fisheries and biological Read More
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A dataset for the 2009 assessment of Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) in the Ross Sea was selected on the basis of data quality metrics for individual trips. Initial informative datasets were selected comprising trips with high (above median) rates of recovery of previously released tags, and/or where tags released on the trip were subsequently recaptured at a high rate. These trips Read More
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Revised weight-length and length-length regressions are provided for Amblyraja georgiana and Bathyraja cf. eatonii. Significant differences between males and females occurred for all comparisons except for B. cf. eatonii length-length regressions. Some observer maturity staging data were unreliable, as indicated by comparison with lab staging, and Read More
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In 2009 SC-CCAMLR identified a list of tasks to be considered intersessionally to progress a framework to manage the risk that bottom fishing in the CCAMLR Area may produce significant adverse impacts on certain benthic habitats, termed Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VMEs). One of the identified intersessional tasks was to produce a glossary of terms relevant to the management of VMEs (SC-CAMLR Read More
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An important management objective for CCAMLR in the high seas region of the Antarctic is to develop appropriate methods of monitoring and managing impacts of bottom fisheries on vulnerable marine ecosystems (VMEs). We describe a spatially explicit production model that can be used to investigate a range of scenarios for simulating the effect and management of benthic impacts from longline Read More
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High resolution VME taxa bycatch data (at the longline segment level) have been collected for two fishing seasons, with 4 728 longline segments observed. Several regions with consistent presence of VME taxa bycatch are identifiable, as are several areas of dense fishing effort with no evidence of VME taxa. Identifiable sponge and/or gorgonian habitats occurred at a typical scale of 10-30 km Read More
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ABSTRACT Since 2008 New Zealand has been developing an impact assessment framework to estimate the likely impacts of bottom longline fishing on Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VMEs), as required by Conservation Measure 22-06. The most recent iteration of the impact assessment (Sharp 2010) was recommended in 2010 by WG-SAM (paragraph 4.16) and WG-EMM (paragraph 3.20) as the basis by which Members Read More
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Data are collected for use in scientific research, the results of which are used to inform management decisions made to achieve specific goals. Any data collection plan should be drawn from the goals the management wishes to achieve. The Scientific Committee has recommended the development of a specific data collection and research plan for the Subarea 88.1 and 88.2 fisheries (SC-CCAMLRXXVII Read More
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The genus Macrourus is a small group of bentho-pelagic fishes with three species recognized in the Southern Ocean and one in cold temperate to Arctic waters in the North Atlantic Ocean. DNA barcoding revealed low intra-species (0.0-0.002) and inter-species (0.006-0.020) sequence divergences, with four well supported clades among the three Southern Ocean species. Additional specimens collected Read More
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This paper describes spatial and bathymetric distribution of fish bycatches inside the French EEZ for the longline fishery.

This research makes a contribution to the Agenda Item 8 of the WG-FSA. (Biology, ecology and demography of target and by-catch species) and shows the response of the local population of Dissostichus eleginoides (TOP) from the Area management A (subarea 48.3), after 4 year of closure (2004 to 2008). We noted an increase in the CPUE overtime, mainly associate with the increase in the median size Read More
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The analysis of catch size composition, statistical data on catches and distribution of Antarctic tooth-fish, and tagging data showed that the existing system of fishing subarea partition into SSRUs, open and closed for fishery, resulted in a lack of overall picture of population structure state, quantitative toothfish distribution over the whole aquatory in Divisions 88.1 and 58.4 and did not Read More
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A length based projection model is employed to estimate catch limits for the 2011/12 fishing season for Champsocephalus gunnari in CCAMLR sub area 48.3. The model is initialised using estimated numbers at length derived from survey length  density and biomass density data, removing the need for cohort identification associated with the age based projection model used in previous Read More
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In January 2010, the UK carried out the annual groundfish survey in CCAMLR Sub-Area 48.3 on the FV Sil. Seventy-five random hauls were completed with good coverage across the shelf, representing an increase in effort overall compared with surveys carried out in 2008 and 2009 on the same vessel. Catch-weighted length frequencies of mackerel icefish indicated that although 3+ sized fish Read More
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The target tagging rate of 5 fish per tonne was exceeded by both vessels, with 232 D. eleginoides tagged and released in 2009/10, bringing the total to 1,547 in all seasons; There were 18 D. eleginoides tag recaptures in 2009/10, a total of 72 in all seasons; The length-frequency of 2009/10 captures is consistent with the theory that the bulk of the biomass is dominated by a Read More
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A three‐year tagging study in the South of Subarea 48.4 was initiated in the 2008/09 fishing season with the aims of  providing the data required for assessments of the population structure, size, movement and growth of both Dissostichus eleginoides and Dissostichus mawsoni in the South of 48.4; A total of 186 D. eleginoides and 202 D. mawsoni were Read More
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Attempts to estimate natural mortality, as a single constant M, simultaneously with other model parameters in integrated assessments via CASAL for the Heard and McDonald Islands (HIMI, CCAMLR Division 58.5.2) Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) fishery have been unsuccessful. An alternative strategy was adopted whereby the catch-at-age and mark-recapture data were Read More
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In stocks that have been depleted by overfishing, the benefits of additional fisheries removals for research purposes need to be evaluated against the risks that such catches may contribute to delaying the recovery of such stocks. Through simulating a Dissostichus eleginoides stock that has been subjected to varying levels of overfishing and research catches, this study show that Read More
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Length-frequency data are routinely collected in CCAMLR’s fisheries and used as inputs to stock assessments. In CCAMLR’s new and exploratory fisheries, stock assessment techniques are still in development and robust conclusions on stock status based on length-frequency data alone have been difficult. In this paper, we show that length-frequency data on their own have little inherent conclusive Read More
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From March, 23 till April, 1, 2010 during the cruise of the Russian crabber vessel "Tamango" in CCAMLR zone, the searching operations were carried out in the area of the Southern Orkney Islands (subarea 48.2) according to the Conservation Measure (C.) 52-02. Experimental harvest regime for the exploratory fishery for crab by traps was carried out for the first time in statistical Read More
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In accordance with the Conservation Measure 41-07 (2009), a survey was conducted in order to collect information for the stock status and biological information on toothfish in the southeast sector (24 allocated points) of Division 58.4.3b (Banzare Bank), using a commercial bottom longline vessel Shinsei Maru No. 3, from December 1 to 13, 2009. Shinsei Maru Trot line system Read More
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A survey was conducted in order to collect information for the stock status and various biological information on toothfish in Division 58.4.4a & b (Ob Lena Bank) by using a commercial bottom longline vessel, Shinsei Maru No. 3, from April 30 to June 20. The survey was undertaken according to the decision in the 28th CCAMLR Meeting of the Commission (28th CCAMLR report paragraph 4 Read More
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Distribution, relationship between sizes and depths, sex ratio, size composition and maturity condition for Dissostichus eleginoides and D. mawsoni were investigated on Banzare Bank, using the biological data sampled by a Japanese commercial fishing vessel during austral summer from 2006/07 to 2008/09 fishing season. D. eleginoides was mainly caught in the shallower Read More
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Preliminary studies on the age and growth of Dissostichus eleginoides sampled in the 2007/08 season in the Ob-Lena Bank were carried out. The ages of 214 of 3,013 fish sampled by Observers were estimated. The estimated ages ranged from 5 to 46 years for males and from 5 to 50 years for females. Five to eighteen years gave large contribution to the total age groups for both sexes. Read More
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In order to clarify the stock status and biological characteristics of Dissostichus spp. In Division 58.4.4 a & b, we proposed the research plan for toothfish in the Division by Shinsei Maru No. 3 to be conducted throughout the whole four SSRUs (A-D) in the Division in April-June 2011 in the WG-SAM 2010 meeting. However, during the first survey in 2009/10, when the Read More
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The results of the comparative histological analysis of the Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) reproductive system, caught by the longliner in the Amundsen Sea in February 2006 and 2007 are presented. The morphological parameters, indices of gonads, condition by Fulton and cytological parameters of oocytes have been described. Antarctic toothfish ovaries reached mainly the Read More
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On the basis of the biological material collected on some by-catch fishes during Antarctic toothfish fishery from 2002 till 2008 in different areas of the Southern Ocean (Collaboration Sea, D'Urville, Ross and .mundsen Seas) it was established that spawning of C. dewitti and species X occurred on the continental slope and raisings at depths about 1000-1500 m, C. antarcticus Read More
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Incidental seabird mortality associated with longline commercial fishing is a worldwide conservation concern. To build conservation strategies it is essential to estimate likelihood of seabird bycatch and amount of overlap between bird’s foraging and commercial fishing areas. We tracked 21 adult white-chinned petrels (Procellaria aequinoctialis) breeding on Kerguelen Island, Southern Read More
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(Endangered Species Research, in press)

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We measured the otolith chemistry of adult Scotia Sea icefish (Chaenocephalus aceratus), a species with a long pelagic larval phase, along the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and compared the chemistry with simulated particle transport using a circulation model. Material laid down in otolith nuclei during early life showed strong heterogeneity between the Antarctic Peninsula and Read More
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(Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 67 (2010): 1303–1315)

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Demersal fishes were sampled using a large fish trawl during two surveys carried out in February and March 2004 and 2008 in the Ross Sea, and around seamounts and islands just to the north at 66°S. The distribution and abundance of 65 species collected in these surveys were examined to determine if demersal fish communities varied throughout the area, and what environmental factors might Read More
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Antarctic silverfish (Pleuragramma antarcticum) is a key link between plankton and the community of top predators in the shelf waters of the Ross Sea. In spite of their abundance and important role in Antarctic food chains, very little is known of many ecological and biological aspects of this species. A combined trawl and acoustic survey of silverfish was carried out on the western Read More
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(Deep-Sea Res. II (2010), doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.05.018)

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Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) is a large notothenioid fish that supports valuable fisheries throughout the Southern Ocean. D. eleginoides are found on the southern shelves and slopes of South America and around the sub-Antarctic islands of the Southern Ocean. Patagonian toothfish are a long-lived species (> 40 years), which initially grow rapidly on the Read More
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(Advances in Marine Biology, in press)

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Observer data collected on longliners between 2003 and 2009 were analysed to look at the levels of depredation caused by killer whales (Orcinus orca) and sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) around South Georgia. Since 2003, cetaceans have been observed on 22% of 14 300 observed lines, with killer whales present on 3.8% and sperm whales on 17.7% of lines. Killer whales Read More
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(CCAMLR Science, 17 (2010): 163–178.)

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