WG-IMALF-94

A conservative calculation of the number of albatrosses killed annually on Japanese longlines in southern oceans in 44 000. The actual figure could be double and is sufficiently high to substantiate claims that serious declines in albatross populations are due to this fishing activity. Albatrosses have an economic impact 0n longline fisheries with annual losses to the southern bluefin tuna Read More
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The estimated breeding population of wandering albatrosses on Macquarie Island increased from 17 in 1956 to a maximum of 97 in 1966, and then declined at an average rate of 8.1% per year. Mark-recapture analysis shows that the population is not closed (i.e., subject to immigration and emigration). The decline is correlated with the onset of large-scale fishing for tuna in the southern Read More
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An age-structured model of a wandering albatross Diomedea exulans population is developed to simulate population trends over time, using demographic parameters from the population at Possession Island Crozets, during 1968 to 1986. The simulation results portray a population decreasing at a rate of 2.29% per year, which concurs with global population trends. Sensitivity analyses of model Read More
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Although longlining is regarded as a highly conservation oriented method of fishing, bycatch of seabirds on longlines is a problem in certain seasons and areas. Birds feeding on the bait during setting of the gear might cause considerable bait loss and occasional hooking of birds might eventually give high mortalities considering the large amounts of hooks used. Both from a fishery and bird Read More
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Incidental captures of seabirds, and the behaviour of seabirds around the fishing gear as it was deployed, were observed during 8-days' fishing of a New Zealand-owned tuna long-liner. From 11,200 hooks set 6 seabirds were hooked and recovered: 5 Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans of which 3 were released alive, and one Black-browed Mollymawk D. melanophrys impavida. Relatively more birds Read More
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Studies carried out over the past three decades in the French austral territories indicate that most albatross and giant petrel populations have markedly declined. Demographic studies indicate that these declines are mainly the result of increased adult mortality. This high rate of mortality has been suspected to be the result of mortality incurred in long-line fisheries. Satellite tracking Read More
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In recent years, a new longline fishery for the fish Dissostichus eleginoides has developped in the vicinity of South Georgia and Kerguelen islands, two internationally important breeding areas for procellariiform birds. Attractiveness of this fishery for seabirds, together with the incidental capture of birds and a method to reduce mortality were investigated during 13 days of fishing Read More
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This paper summarises the incidence of entanglements and incidental mortality of birds and seals reported by CCAMLR Members for the CCAMLR Convention Area and adjacent waters from 1985 onwards. A bibliography on entanglement, incidental mortality and effects of marine debris on seabirds and marine mammals is attached. The bibliography includes references taken from papers submitted to CCAMLR Read More
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A method of surveying incidental mortality of seabirds during longlining operations and the effectiveness of mitigation measures is described. An alternative design of streamer line for use with the 'Spanish' method of longlining (separate hauling and fishing lines) is described. The results of observations of incidental mortality of seabirds made during the fishing operations of the Korean Read More
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Long-lining operations for Dissostichus eleginoides off South Georgia were assessed for incidental mortality and interactions with seabirds. Twenty-seven lines were observed and ninety-eight mortalities recorded over twenty sets of the line; no mortalities occurred during hauls. The 16 sets made at night contributed 15% of the overall mortality, all of white-chinned petrels: the four day time Read More
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Longlining operations for Dissostichus eleginoides around South Georgia were assessed for interactions with sea mammals. Twenty-seven lines were observed and interactions recorded during twenty-five of these. During setting of lines neither mortalities nor interactions were recorded. All interactions occured during hauling operations, both during the day and at night. Killer whales (Orcinus Read More
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Two tuna longline fishing hooks have been recovered from beside Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans nests at Marion Island in the 1990s. No hooks have been found at Gough Island and no birds have been found dead ashore on either island as a result of fishing gear. Recoveries of banded birds at sea suggest Wandering Albatrosses are more at risk to being hooked than are giant petrels Read More
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