WG-EMM-14

As requested by CM 21-03, Annex 21-03/A, attached are the net diagrams and mammal exclusion devices included in the krill fishery notification submitted by the EU.

Aim  To infer the potential for competition between an important Antarctic predator, the macaroni penguin, and the krill fishery by examining the spatial overlap in prey consumption and catches.

Location  South Georgia, Scotia Sea and adjacent waters.

Methods  The study focused on the winter period as this is the Read More
Submitted By:
Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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In late 2012 SCAR, BirdLife and BAS developed a successful proposal (to the UK Darwin Plus Fund) to build an integrated database that would facilitate the analysis of penguin tracking data. The database will have a web-based user interface that will allow data holders to submit data and attach a range of access levels; access may be granted only to the data holder, to a wider group, or to a Read More
Submitted By:
Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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During 2013 WG-EMM agreed to form two inter-sessional task groups to progress work that might facilitate the development of feedback management procedures for the krill fishery in Area 48.

In reviewing the state of ecological knowledge for Subarea 48.2, we conclude that movement towards Stage 2 (in the Staged approach advocated by WG-EMM) is highly improbable based on the current level Read More
Submitted By:
Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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In this paper we provide WG-EMM with an update on aerial survey methods used to provide new estimates of penguin population distribution and abundance. This project will continue to develop over the coming years and we will provide similar updates at regular intervals.

This paper presents the results of at-sea monitoring of seabirds and cetaceans over five summer seasons, 2010 to 2014, at the Scotia Sea, Antarctica, covering a total of 1463 nautical miles with 1100 ten-min counts. Among birds, six species of Procellariiformes were abundant: Black-browed Albatross, Cape petrel, Southern Fulmar petrel, Antarctic Prion, Wilson’s Storm petrel, and Black-bellied Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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The ICED programme is investigating how climate change might impact Southern Ocean ecosystems in order to help inform management of Southern Ocean fisheries. As part of this ICED convened a workshop in November 2013 on “Southern Ocean food webs and scenarios of change”, and is currently preparing an academic paper detailing the outputs, which are summarised here. ICED recognises the key role Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Many of the key oceanographic and ecological processes that determine the structure and functioning of ecosystems in the regions around South Georgia and the South Orkney Islands operate over small scales of <10 km.  This paper reports the initiation of a project to develop high-resolution hydrodynamic models that will be used to examine the detailed oceanography of the South Georgia Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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This paper presents a description of the statistical approach developed to estimate abundance of Antarctic fur seals at South Georgia. The estimate is based on photographic counts of all the breeding beaches in the fur seal’s distribution range. The images were obtained during comprehensive helicopter surveys conducted during 2006 and 2008. The proposed Bayesian analysis scales up in situ Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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This paper outlines plans for a co-ordinated, multi-national study focusing on the krill-based ecosystem in Area 48 during the 2015-16 austral summer. The studies will include at-sea data collection from research and fishing vessels, together with remotely sensed data obtained from moorings and gliders, with links to land-based predator foraging behaviour, diet and reproductive success. The Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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We present preliminary analyses of krill fishery catch data covering the period December 2000 to November 2013. We show that fishing vessels in Subareas 48.2 and 48.3 are conservative in their behaviour, targeting fixed geographic locations in most years. In contrast, in Subarea 48.1, fishing locations show considerable variability between years. In Subarea 48.2 ice cover tends to increase Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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In June 2014, the ICED programme, the British Antarctic Survey and WWF co-hosted a two day workshop entitled “Understanding the objectives for krill fishing and conservation in the Scotia Sea and Antarctic Peninsula region” which involved participants from the science, conservation and fishing industry sectors. This report summarises the key initial conclusions and recommendations from the Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Acoustic and net sampling of Antarctic Krill and other euphausiids was conducted at 88 stations around the South Shetland Islands during a 30 day cruise between 10 August and 9 September 2013. Abundance and demographic patterns revealed that Antarctic krill were concentrated in the southern Bransfield Strait, and that these krill were approximately 33mm in length, about 10mm larger than found Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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The overall purpose of this study was to estimate the mortality rate of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) that escape from the most common mesh size used in the current commercial fishery. The experiment was carried out on the krill fishing grounds off South Orkney Islands (60°35’S, 45°30’W), during January-February 2014. The method applied consisted of a covered trawl codend system Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) aggregate in various ways depending on a range of factors, from biological (e.g. antipredatory behavior, social interactions and food availability) to physical forcing (e.g. advection and retention). Some areas, often associated with topographical features such as shelf edges and canyons, are considered as hotspots of high importance for regional Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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This report describes the work and preliminary results from the fourth annual survey conducted around the South Orkney Islands, using a commercial krill fishing vessel as research platform. The overall purpose is to describe taxonomy of the macrozooplankton community, demography and density of Antarctic krill as well as the occurrence and distribution of krill predators.

During 18 Ukrainian Antarctic expeditions, from March 31 2013 to April 7 2014, in region Ukrainian Antarctic station "Academic Vernadsky" study of avifauna was conducted. Magellanic Penguin Spheniscus magellanicus was newly recorded for that area. Currently, this finding is the southernmost part of this species.

According to the requirements of Conservation Measure 21-03 (2013), this document provides information on net diagrams and exclusion devices of marine mammals used by the Chilean flag vessels who present fishing notifications for the 2014/2015 krill fishery season.

This progress report represents a follow up of WG-EMM-13/22 (WG-EMM, Jul 2013, Bremerhaven) and SC-CAMLR-XXXII/BG/07 (SC-CAMLR-XXXII, Oct 2013, Hobart). The authors intend to update the Working Group on Ecosystem Monitoring and Management on the actual state of our project, particularly on the proceeds of the data acquisition process and the preliminary scientific analysis. In addition, we Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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The review of Russian expeditions carried out during 1970-2000 in the south-eastern part of the Atlantic Antarctic Area was discussed. Distribution of krill with reference to the structure and dynamics of the water masses, species dominated in Phytoplankton and Ichthyofauna were analyzed.

It was shown that the area of the continental slope and shelf of Antarctica (between 20ºW and 30ºE Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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In previous years we revealed that period 2006-2011 is characterized by the highest values of standardized CPUE indices in the Subarea 48.1 for the last 25 years. We continue to investigate krill fishery data for understanding reasons of this ‘high CPUE’ regime. The authors present the analysis of spatial - temporal variability of krill fishery based on CPUE trends, trawling duration, catch Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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The author continue to analyze krill fishery data for understanding fishery operations in Subarea 48.2 with special attention to the period 2006-2011 which is characterized by the highest values of standardized CPUE indices in the Subarea 48.2 for the last 25 years. The paper provides the analysis of spatial - temporal variability of krill fishery based on CPUE trends, trawling duration, catch Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Present work contains considerations and proposals of possible joint research of Russian and German scientists in the eastern part of the Weddell Sea. Data on potentially valuable for commercial fishing species in the eastern part of the Weddell Sea collected by German investigators in 1979-1989 are also included, as well as results of Russian longline survey of Antarctic toothfish in 2013- Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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This draft Research and Monitoring Plan identifies a number of scientific research and monitoring activities that will help inform and support the management of the South Orkney Islands Southern Shelf Marine Protected Area designated under CM 91-03. We identify a number of elements for scientific research consistent with the objectives of the MPA, and monitoring that will help evaluate the Read More
Approved By:
Admin Admin (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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The South Orkney Islands Southern Shelf Marine Protected Area (SOISS MPA) was established by CCAMLR in 2009 (CCAMLR-XXVIII paragraph 7.1; CM 91-03), with the objective of contributing towards the conservation of biodiversity in Subarea 48.2, and to the development of a representative system of protected areas across the Convention Area. In 2013, a preliminary draft MPA Report was developed for Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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The South Orkney Islands Southern Shelf Marine Protected Area was established by CCAMLR in 2009 (CCAMLR-XXVIII paragraph 7.1; CM 91-03) with the objective of contributing towards the conservation of biodiversity in Subarea 48.2, and to the development of a representative system of protected areas across the Convention Area. At the time of its adoption, the Commission agreed to review CM 91-03 Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Antarctic seabirds are important indicators of impacts and change in Southern Ocean ecosystems, but their isolated and remote breeding populations are challenging and expensive to assess and monitor using traditional methods. Remotely-operating time-lapse cameras offer a tool for cost-effective, large-scale assessment and monitoring. We demonstrate that robustly designed cameras can (1) Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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During 2013 the CCAMLR Scheme of International Scientific Observation (SISO) was subject to an external review by an expert review panel drawn from members (see SC-CAMLR-XXXII/07 Rev. 1). The panel recommended a number of changes to the SISO observer logbooks to remove obsolete data collection practices, and streamline the forms for ease of use by CCAMLR observers. This paper summarises the Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Vessels operating in the krill fishery in CCAMLR’s Convention Area have been required to directly estimate the green weight of krill caught since 2012/13. The estimation methods were revised at WG-EMM-13 and published in Conservation Measure 21-03 Annex B. Estimates of green weight and parameter values are reported in each vessel’s haul-by-haul catch and effort data. This paper reviews the Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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The CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring Program (CEMP) was established to detect changes in krill-based ecosystems to provide a basis for regulating harvesting of Antarctic living marine resources in accordance with the ‘ecosystem approach’.

In 2013/14 data has been submitted by 8 Members for 15 sites and 12 CEMP parameters.  

This report provides a summary of CEMP data submissions Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Data on fish bycatch in the krill fishery has been collected as part of the CCAMLR SISO from a total of 9303 hauls collected on 60 cruise involving 18 different vessels over the period 2010-2014. This paper examines the frequency of occurrence, proportion by mass and length-frequency distribution of the fish taxa reported. The frequency of occurrence of fish for each vessel ranged from 0.1 to Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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When considering establishment of MPAs, a set of criteria to properly evaluate proposals is necessary and essential to streamline and facilitate examinations.  On the basis of the discussions at the last Commission meeting, Japan is planning to propose a resolution “Standardized Procedure to Establish CCAMLR MPAs in accordance with the Conservation Measure 91-04”, hoping to contribute to Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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As requested by CM 21-03, Annex 21-03/A, attached are the net diagrams and mammal exclusion devices included in the krill fishery notification submitted by China

In accordance with CM 21-03, Annex 21-03 A, attached are the net diagrams and mammal exclusion device diagrams referred to in the krill fishery notifications for 2014/15 submitted for the three Norwegian vessels (Juvel, Saga Sea and Antarctic Sea).

This is a companion paper to Kinzey et al. (2014), who extended the integrated stock-assessment framework for Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) to assimilate multiple sources of survey data and estimate krill growth.  Kinzey et al. (2014) fitted stock-assessment models to survey data that were pooled at annual, seasonal, and monthly time scales.  The data were from research cruises Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Progressing from Stage 1 to Stage 2 of a feedback management strategy requires a better understanding of spatial overlap between predators and fishing activity. We provide estimates of the spatial overlap in Area 48, with particular emphasis on Subarea 48.1. We used habitat utilization data for penguins (Adélie, chinstrap, and gentoo) and pinnipeds (Antarctic fur seals, Weddell seals, and Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Three different trawls were used to sample Antarctic krill for the determination of demographic and abundance patterns around the South Shetland Islands during Austral summer 2014. A 60cm BONGO net (333 and 505 µm mesh), a 1.8m IKMT (505 µm mesh); and a pelagic ENGEL trawl (594m² mouth area, 10mm cod end liner) were used and their selectivities are compared. Despite very different Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Research during the last decade has revealed much about the early life history of Pleuragramm antarcticum, including confirmation of the first known nursery ground in Terra Nova Bay. However, there is still much unknown about larval fish distribution in the Ross Sea, Antarctica. During a United States National Science Foundation research cruise in the late austral summer 2013, we Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Understanding the relative contributions of different sources of mortality and survival in predator populations can improve ecosystem models and management of marine ecosystems.  Within the Antarctic bottom-up processes are widely cited for explaining penguin population declines, whereas for Antarctic fur seals, top-down processes are most cited as the primary driver for declining pup Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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This report presents the results of the second workshop for identifying Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in Domain 1 of CCAMLR. The results of the first Workshop were presented in WG-EMM-12/69.

This second workshop was organized as bilateral meeting between Chile and Argentina in order to review the progress achieved since the first international workshop held at Valparaíso in 2012. The Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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More than 100 research SCUBA-dives to depths till 60 meters (2003-2004), and more than 40 research SCUBA-dives to depth till 50 meters (2011-2012) was provided. During the summer season of the 19th Ukrainian Antarctic expedition in 2014 twenty research SCUBA-dives were carried out during which a survey of the two already proposed MPAs was provided. For a further development of Marine Protected Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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We compare the diet and the foraging distribution of Adélie penguins at Hope Bay/Esperanza, during the late part of the breeding season and their subsequent post breeding dispersal in two consecutive years. We also compare data from the krill fishery to describe Adélie penguin foraging areas with krill fishery activity at spatial and temporal scale.

During both seasons, the bulk of the Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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What is the spatial scale of monitoring conducted at an individual CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring Program (CEMP) site? Answering this question is key to understanding how CEMP data could be used in a feedback management strategy and for identifying critical gaps in monitoring effort where new monitoring effort may be useful. Toward this goal, we investigated data sets from two Pygoscelid penguin Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Ground counts during 1959-1968 compared with counts using high resolution satellite imagery during 2008-2012 indicated many fewer Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) at the two major molting haul outs in the western Ross Sea: Edisto Inlet - Moubray Bay, northern Victoria Land, and southeastern McMurdo Sound, southern Victoria Land. Breeding seals have apparently all but Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

Request Meeting Document

As required by Conservation Measure 21-03, Annex 21-03/A, net diagrams and mammal exclusion devices included in Korean krill fishery notifications are submitted by Korea.

Presented Annex 21-03/A as required by Conservation Measure 21-03 with set nets configuration and scheme of marine mammal exclusion device.

Commercial fishing vessel has been recognized as important platform to collect useful data for the estimation of krill stock and its management. In December 2013, a trial acoustic survey was conducted by the Chinese krill fishing vessel ‘FURONGHAI' in waters around the South Shetland Islands. Krill was found in most part of the survey area. The mean Sv of krill swarm tend to be higher in Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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A draft MPA Report for the East Antarctica Planning Domain is provided according to the guidelines adopted by SC-CAMLR in 2012.  This report provides a synthesis of the scientific information provided to the Scientific Committee and its Working Groups since 2010. It is organised into (1) description of the planning domain, (2) identification of MPA locations in the planning domain, (3) Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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A National Workshop on CCAMLR MPAs was conducted at Valparaiso, Chile, 13-14 May 2014. Main points discussed were the significance of each conservation objective for the process, the best way to implement each objective in the analysis and data gaps. Outputs of the workshop are expected to contribute to the general discussion on MPA planning for Domain 1.

Stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen (δ¹⁵N and δ¹³C) in Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) muscle were measured to study the trophic connections of Antarctic toothfish in the Ross and Amundsen Sea regions (CCAMLR Subareas 88.1 and SSRU 88.2H respectively). More than 1700 toothfish were sampled by scientific observers on New Zealand vessels between 2005/ Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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To explore the potential effects of the toothfish fishery on the population dynamics of Antarctic toothfish and its main prey, grenadiers (Macrouridae) and icefish (Channichthyidae), we develop a spatially explicit model using a predator-prey suitability model for the Ross Sea Region. We model the age-based population dynamics of toothfish, grenadier, and icefish, and include natural mortality Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) and killer whales (Orcinus orca), specifically Type C killer whales (TCKW), have been identified as the top predators most likely to be directly affected by the removal of Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni; ‘toothfish’) in the Ross Sea region.  However, extreme paucity of information about the diet of TCKW, and Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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The Antarctic Treaty area will become increasingly frequented by both researchers and tourists in the future. Three main areas are likely to be impacted by this increase in use and by alterations due to climate change: the Western Antarctic Peninsula, the Ross Sea, and coastal regions of East Antarctica. From previous reports we know that penguin species are highly susceptible to a number of Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Software has been written to enable semi-automated census counting and count validation of nesting Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae), on aerial photographs of the Ross Sea sector of Antarctica. The software is written in MATLAB^®, is freely available and is deployed to users as a graphical user interface program. Previously, this task had been accomplished by manual Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Top predators are useful ecological indicators of changes in marine prey stocks and other ecosystem drivers. In the Ross Sea region, most south polar skuas (Catharacta maccormicki) nest near Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) colonies, feeding on fish, penguin eggs and chicks, and carrion. We estimated skua abundance at Adélie penguin colonies on Ross Island in two Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Breeding colonies of the emperor penguin Aptenodytes forsteri are distributed throughout the Antarctic seasonal pack ice zone. One of the last colonies of emperors penguins discovered is situated on the south coast of Snow Hill Island, constituting the northernmost colony known in Antarctica. We conducted a census of adult individuals using aerial photographs taken from an aircraft Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

Request Meeting Document

At WG-EMM 2013 the Working Group agreed that it would be useful to have a consolidated summary of information related to the krill fishery in a similar format to the fishery reports that are completed for finfish fisheries in WG-FSA (www.ccamlr.org/node/75667).

The Secretariat agreed to coordinate the preparation of a draft krill fishery Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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The objectives of this work are to demonstrate the unique character of Admiralty Bay, King George Island, South Shetlands (Subarea 48.1) in terms of its location, hydrology and existing numerous scientific, data archives, to compare biological, chemical and geological data with other Antarctic areas. Because of its location, semi‐closed nature, and history of intensive environmental and Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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The main component of zooplankton in Antarctic pelagic waters, apart from copepods or salps, are specimens representing euphausiids. In fjordic areas like Admiralty Bay, data concerning krill is still scarce and fragmentary, despite the fact that those organisms are a significant element of the penguins and pinnipeds’ diet. Admiralty Bay, because of its specific hydrological conditions, is an Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

Request Meeting Document

The feedback management strategy in development will require a strengthen CEMP (or similar) network for its implementation (para. 2.64 & 2.65, EMM Report 2013).

For this reason, several countries had being asked i) contribute to the CEMP program with their existing monitoring programs, even if not considered ‘official’ CMEP sites, ii) start new CEMP (or analogous) sites in new areas Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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We present a new, high resolution (300 m) bathymetric grid of the South Orkney Islands and surrounding continental shelf, northeast of the Antarctic Peninsula. The new grid, derived from a compilation of marine echo-sounding data improves previous regional bathymetric representations and helps to visualise the morphology of the shelf in unrivalled detail. The compilation forms important Read More
Submitted By:
Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

Publication:
Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 2014, doi: 10.1002/2014GC005323

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A calibrated 120 kHz single-beam echo-sounder was integrated into an ocean glider and deployed in the Weddell Sea, Southern Ocean. The glider was deployed for two short periods in January 2012, in separate survey boxes on the continental shelf to the east of the Antarctic Peninsula, to assess the distribution of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba). During the glider missions, a Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

Publication:
Limnol. Oceanogr.: Methods, 12 (2014): 373–389, doi: 10.4319/lom.2014.12.373

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Within Drake Passage, the southern flank of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) hosts the ventilation of deep water, the injection of Antarctic shelf waters and interactions between westward and eastward boundary cur rents. This exchange is explored through the trajectories of forty surface drifters released in January 2012 in the northwestern Weddell Sea. The drifters detail Lagrangian Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

Publication:
Geophys. Res. Lett., 40 (2013): 1–6, doi: 10.1002/2013GL058114

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This paper, now in press in ICES Journal of Marine Science, presents krill density estimates for a 17 year time series of acoustic surveys of the Western Core Box at South Georgia.  Krill targets were identified in acoustic data using the approved CCAMLR protocol, that is using a multi-frequency identification window and converted to krill density using the Stochastic Distorted-Wave Born Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

Publication:
ICES J. Mar. Sci., in press

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We report on the first global census of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae), achieved using a combination of ground counts and satellite imagery, and find a breeding population 53% larger (3.79 million breeding pairs) than the last estimate in 1993. We provide the first abundance estimates for 41 previously unsurveyed colonies, which collectively contain 420,000 breeding pairs, Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

Publication:
The Auk, in press

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The embryonic development of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is sensitive to elevated seawater CO₂ levels and successful hatching is impaired at CO₂ levels greater than 1000 μatm. Exposure to elevated CO₂ during the first 3 days of embryonic development significantly retards subsequent development even if the embryos are transferred to seawater Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

Publication:
Nature Climate Change, 3 (2013): 843–847, doi: 10.1038/NCLIMATE1937

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The aim of the work is to study the leukocyte composition in blood of deep-water fish species by the example of Antarctic toothfish Dissostichus mawsoni. Fish were caught in January–February 2012 in the Ross Sea (Statistical Subarea 88.1) at depths from 690 to 1183 m from onboard “Yantar-31” longline fishing vessel. Blood samples were collected from the caudal artery of immature fish Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

Publication:
J. Ichthyol., 54 (6) (2014): 422–425, doi: 10.1134/ S0032945214030047

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Records of 14 trematode species, collected from bottom fishes from the western and northern parts of the Ross Sea, are given. Trematodes Otodistomum cestoides van Beneden, 1871, Lecithaster micropsi Zdzitowiecki, 1992, Neolepidapedon trematomi Prudhoe et Bray, 1973, Postlepidapedon opisthobifurcatum Zdzitowiecki, 1990, Discoverytrema gibsoni Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

Publication:
Invert. Zool., 10 (2) (2013): 255–267

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Numbers of Gentoo Penguins Pygoscelis papua and Crozet Shags Phalacrocorax [atriceps] melanogenis breeding annually at Marion Island, one of South Africa’s Prince Edward Islands in the south-west Indian Ocean, were strongly correlated over 19 split-years from 1994/95–2012/13. Both species decreased between the mid-1990s and the mid-2000s, exhibited a partial Read More
Submitted By:
Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

Publication:
S. Afr. J. Marine Sci.(2014) http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/1814232X.2014.926293

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The integrated modeling framework for Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba)  has been extended to include estimates of krill growth consistent with survey data and to use multi-nation survey data collected from 1981 to 2014 near the Antarctic Peninsula. Four models of the population dynamics of Antarctic krill in Subarea 48.1 based on different aggregations of the data are described to Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Doug Cooper (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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